Epidemiological aspects of Acinetobacter baumannii and evaluation of the resistance profile in biological samples of patients attended at an oncological hospital in Belém-PA

Abstract

Introduction: The species Acinetobacter baumannii, within its genus, is the most important for epidemiological surveillance because it is associated, in humans, with different types of infections. Objectives: To evaluate the occurrence and resistance profile of Acinetobacter baumannii in biological samples of patients attended at an oncological hospital. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective and transversal study, carried out from the results of cultures of hospitalized patients and from the outpatient clinic of an oncological hospital, in the period from January 2017 to December 2018. Results: 1,258 positive cultures were recorded in 2017 and 1,729 in 2018. Within this, were obtained 5% of isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in the first year of analysis and 8% in the second. The topographic site of highest isolation of A. baumannii, was the respiratory tract. The highest rates of occurrence were in older patients. The most frequent hospital sector of the bacteria were the Intensive Care Units. Acinetobacter baumannii showed lower resistance to colistin and tigecycline in both years of the study. The variation of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was more evident in the antibacterial drugs colistin. Conclusion: The results show that Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen that causes nosocomial infections, commonly isolated from the respiratory tract of patients hospitalized at Intensive Care Units which presents a high resistance profile to most antibacterial classes.