Explorando as Experiências de Discriminação Racial sofridas por Estudantes Universitários Sob a Perspetiva de Raça e Gênero

Abstract

Introduction: Racism in Brazil is a legacy of slavery, maintained by the lack of post-abolition integration policies. Black people still face structural discrimination, with less access to quality education and limited opportunities. Objective: The study seeks to explore the experiences of racial discrimination suffered by university students and their relationship with race and gender. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study, with a qualitative approach. It has a sample of 751 university students from public and private institutions in the state of Ceará. The instruments used were a racial discrimination scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Fisher's test and chi-square test were used to analyse the results for association with the variables race and gender. Results: The results demonstrated that males were more exposed to situations of discrimination compared to females. Furthermore, the school was the environment that demonstrated high exposure for all sexes. Regarding races, a high prevalence of racial discrimination was observed in the self-declared black population in all social environments studied, followed by brown and yellow people. Conclusion: Racial discrimination among university students in Ceará is greater among men than among women. Black people have greater exposure in schools, stores/restaurants, and public spaces. The need for more research and assessment of the subjective impacts of racial discrimination is highlighted.